Extracellular Vesicles
Extracellular vesicles are one way that cancer metastasis is facilitated. The EVs are sub-cellular messengers that can contain physiologically useful components, but also communicate and activate important signalling pathways between tumour cells and the stroma. They have been likened to the postal system of the body. The content of EV’s cargo is proposed as a potential way to do a liquid biopsy – by profiling for miRNA and proteins, an insight into cells and the tumour microenvironment may be revealed.
EVs are also purported to have a role the immune system as MHC class I and MHC class II molecules can be transported from immune cell derived vesicles. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.966661/full
EV are a very broad area that has not yet been well defined, however it is known that EV seem to be targeted to recipient cells, unlocking this information could offer novel diagnostic tests, or targeted drug delivery systems by using EV research to further refine technologies such as the lipid nanoparticles used to deliver the mRNA Covid vaccine.
Here at 2BScientific Limited we have several different ways to assist your Extra cellular vesicle (EV, aka exosomes) research.
EVs contain phosphatidylinositol lipids that are involved in signalling, but antibodies against lipids have been difficult to make using traditional methods. Echelon Biosciences offer not only a range of novel anti-lipid antibodies, but also offer further lipid-biology focussed reagents for the Identification of protein-lipid interactions, creation of synthetic lipid nanoparticles, fluorescent phosphatidylserine (PS) microparticles for apoptosis and phagocytosis studies as well as lipids for use as substrates for Phosphoinisitide kinase enzymes are all part of their range.
Immunostep offer EV isolation kits for detection and characterization with their flow-cytometry based ExoStep platform and ExoELISA-Step kits for easy detection based on CD63, CD9 positive exosomes.
Afrobodies Inc. offer anti- human CD9 and CD63 nanobodies (recombinant alpaca antibodies)– 10 x smaller, heat stable and offered with a selection of tags.
ReSyn Biosciences have been working in conjunction with researchers to develop MagReSyn SAX for extraction of EV’s and depletion of abundant serum proteins from plasma for LCMS